SBU: Tabell 1a
Tabell1a. Sammanfattning av resultaten från 21 experiment med reducerad kolhydratintag hos patienter med metabolt syndrom eller manifest typ 2 diabetes.
¯= Minskning = Ökning
+ = Lågkolhydratgruppen bäst (jmf m högkolhydratgruppen eller med sedvanligkost)
– = Högkolhydratgruppen bäst (jmf m lågkolhydratgruppen)
0 = Ingen skillnad
– info = Ingen upplysning om ändringav medicineringen
– med = Alla deltagare utan medicin från början
* = p<0.05; ** = p<0.01; *** =p<0.001; **** = p<0.0001
|
|
Carb Cal% LC/HC |
Reduckal. |
n |
Drop outs |
Längd |
HbA1c |
insulin |
glukos |
Insulin area |
Glukos area |
Minskad medicin |
||||||||
|
|
LC |
HC |
diff |
LC |
HC |
diff |
LC |
HC |
diff |
||||||||||
| Coulstonet al. 1987[6] |
Cross-over |
40/60 |
nej |
9 |
0 |
30 dagar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+*** |
+*** |
– info |
|
| Coulstonet al. 1989 [7] |
Cross-over |
40/60 |
nej |
8 |
0 |
30 dagar |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
0 |
+*** |
+*** |
-info |
|
| Fuhet al. [8] |
Cross-over |
40/60 |
nej |
11 |
0 |
30dagar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+*** |
+*** |
-info |
|
| Garg et al. 1994 [9] |
Cross-over |
40/55 |
nej |
41 |
0 |
12veckor |
|
|
|
¯ |
|
+** |
¯ |
|
+**** |
+** |
+*** |
– info |
|
| Gutierrezet al. [10]
Untreated. On antidiab drugs |
Cross-over |
25/55 25/55 |
nej |
9 19 |
0 0 |
12veckor 12veckor |
¯ ¯ |
|
+* +** |
|
|
|
¯ ¯ |
¯ |
+** +*** |
|
|
+ |
|
| Samaha et al- [11] |
RCT |
37/51 |
nej |
132 |
21/32 |
½år |
¯ |
0 |
+ |
|
|
|
¯ |
¯ |
+** |
|
|
-info |
|
| Stern et al. [12] |
RCT |
30/50 |
nej |
132 |
20/25 |
1 år |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
|
|
-info |
|
| Vernonet al. [13] |
Single-arm |
(15) |
nej |
14 |
? |
8månader |
¯ |
|
+*** |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ |
|
| Yancyet al. 2003 [14] |
Single-arm |
(15) |
nej |
7 |
0 |
16veckor |
¯ |
|
+* |
|
|
|
¯ |
|
+ |
|
|
+ |
|
| Gannonet al. [15] |
Cross-over |
20/55 |
nej |
8 |
0 |
10veckor |
¯ |
0 |
+*** |
|
|
|
¯ |
¯ |
+** |
+** |
+** |
-med |
|
| Miyashitaet al. [16] |
RCT |
39/62 |
ja |
22 |
0 |
4veckor |
|
|
|
¯ |
¯ |
+* |
¯ |
¯ |
0 |
|
|
-med |
|
| Boden et al. [17] |
Cross-over |
3.9/39.7 |
ja |
10 |
0 |
3veckor |
¯ |
|
+** |
|
|
|
|
|
|
+* |
+** |
+ |
|
| McAuleyet al. [18] |
RCT |
26/45 |
nej |
93 |
4/2 |
24veckor |
|
|
|
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
|
|
– info |
|
| Yancyet al. 2005 [19] |
Single-arm |
10 |
nej |
28 |
7 |
16veckor |
¯ |
|
+*** |
|
|
|
¯ |
|
+* |
|
|
+ |
|
| Dalyet al. [20] |
RCT |
33.5/45.2 |
ja |
102 |
11/12 |
3månader |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ |
|
| Dysonet al. [21] |
RCT |
17.3/39.3 |
ja |
13 |
0/1 |
3månader |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
– info |
|
| Nuttallet al [22] |
Cross-over |
29/55 |
nej |
6 |
0 |
5veckor |
¯ |
|
+**** |
|
|
– |
¯ |
|
+*** |
0 |
+*** |
-med |
|
| Westmanet al. [23] |
RCT |
13/44 |
nej/ja |
84 |
17/17 |
24veckor |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
¯ |
¯ |
+ |
|
|
+ |
|
| Wohlever et al |
RCT |
39/46.5/51.9 |
nej |
166 |
10 |
1år |
¯ |
¯ |
|
¯ |
¯ |
– |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Daviset al. [24] |
RCT |
33/50 |
nej |
105 |
10/10 |
1år |
¯ |
|
+ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+ |
|
| Volek et al [25] |
RCT |
12/56 |
nej |
40 |
0 |
12veckor |
|
|
|
¯ |
¯ |
+* |
¯ |
¯ |
+** |
|
|
-med |
|
| Al-Sarrajet al. [26] |
RCT |
24.9/52.5 |
nej |
56 |
8/9 |
12 veckor |
|
|
|
¯ |
|
+*** |
¯ |
¯ |
+*** |
|
|
-med |
|
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